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American campaign slogan

Trump's "Brand America Great Again!" sign used during his 2016 presidential campaign before Trump selected Mike Pence every bit his vice presidential running mate

"Make America Corking Again" or MAGA ()[a] is a campaign slogan used in American politics popularized past Donald Trump in his successful 2016 presidential entrada. Ronald Reagan used the similar slogan "Allow's Make America Great Again" in his successful 1980 presidential campaign. Pecker Clinton likewise used the phrase in speeches during his successful 1992 presidential entrada and used it again in a radio commercial aired for his wife Hillary Clinton's unsuccessful 2008 presidential primary campaign. Douglas Schoen has called Trump's utilise of the phrase "probably the most resonant entrada slogan in recent history", citing majorities of Americans who believed that the land was in decline.[2] [3]

The slogan became a pop civilization phenomenon, seeing widespread utilize and spawning numerous variants in the arts, entertainment and politics, being used by those who support and oppose the presidency of Donald Trump.

Since its popularization in the 2010s, the slogan is considered a loaded phrase. Multiple analytic journalists, scholars, and commentators link it to racism in the United States, regarding it as canis familiaris-whistle politics and coded language.[4] [v] [6] [7] The slogan was also at the center of two events originally reported inaccurately in most media outlets, the Jussie Smollett assault hoax and the January 2019 Lincoln Memorial confrontation.[8] [9] [10] [11]

Use before Donald Trump [edit]

Alexander Wiley [edit]

The phrase was beginning used by Republican senator Alexander Wiley in a voice communication at the third session of the 76th U.s. Congress in anticipation of the 1940 United States presidential election: "What is the way? Here is America. There are 130,000,000 of usa. America needs a leader who can coordinate labor, capital, and direction; who can requite the man of enterprise encouragement, who can give them the spirit which will beget vision. That will make America smashing again."[12]

Barry Goldwater [edit]

The slogan was plant in some advertising associated with Barry Goldwater's unsuccessful 1964 presidential campaign.[13]

Ronald Reagan [edit]

"Let's brand America great once more" was famously used in Ronald Reagan's 1980 presidential campaign. At the time the United states was suffering from a worsening economy at home marked by stagflation and Reagan, using the land's economical distress every bit a springboard for his campaign, used the slogan to stir a sense of patriotism among the electorate.[14] [15] [16] [17] Inside his acceptance speech at the 1980 Republican National Convention, Reagan said, "For those without task opportunities, nosotros'll stimulate new opportunities, particularly in the inner cities where they live. For those who've abased hope, we'll restore hope and we'll welcome them into a great national crusade to make America great again."[18] [19]

Bill Clinton [edit]

The phrase was as well used in speeches[twenty] by Bill Clinton during his 1992 presidential entrada.[21] Clinton also used the phrase in a radio commercial aired for Hillary Clinton's 2008 presidential primary campaign.[22]

During the 2016 electoral campaign, Clinton suggested that Trump'due south version, used every bit a campaign rallying cry, was a message to white Southerners that Trump was promising to "give you lot an economic system you had 50 years ago, and... motion yous back up on the social totem pole and other people down."[23]

Christine O'Donnell [edit]

Christine O'Donnell's book about her unsuccessful 2010 bid as the Republican nominee for a United states Senate seat in Delaware was published by St. Martin'south Press on August 16, 2011, every bit Troublemaker: Allow'due south Practice What It Takes to Make America Great Again.[24]

Use by Donald Trump [edit]

Donald Trump wearing a "Make America Great Again" cap during his 2016 presidential campaign

In December 2011, Trump fabricated a statement in which he said he was unwilling to rule out running as a presidential candidate in the future, explaining "I must leave all of my options open up because, to a higher place all else, we must brand America great once again."[25] Also in December 2011, he published a volume using equally a subtitle the like phrase "Making America #1 Again" – which in a 2015 reissue was inverse to "Make America Great Over again!"[26]

Trump popularized the slogan "Make America Great Again" by stitching it onto his widely distributed cap

On January i, 2012, a group of Trump supporters filed paperwork with the Texas Secretarial assistant of State's part to create the "Make America Bang-up Once again Party", which would have immune Trump to exist that party's nominee if he had decided to go a third-political party candidate in the 2012 presidential ballot.[27] Trump himself began using the slogan formally on Nov seven, 2012, the day after Barack Obama won his reelection confronting Hand Romney. By his own account, Trump start considered "We Will Make America Great", but did not feel like it had the right "ring" to it. "Make America Peachy" was his adjacent slogan thought, but upon further reflection, he felt that it was a slight to America because it implied that America was never peachy. After selecting "Make America Neat Again", Trump immediately had an attorney register it. (Trump later said he was unaware of Reagan's utilize in 1980 until 2015, but noted that "he didn't trademark information technology.")[28] On November 12 he signed an awarding with the The states Patent and Trademark Office requesting sectional rights to utilise the slogan for political purposes. It was registered as a service marker on July xiv, 2015, after Trump formally began his 2016 presidential campaign and demonstrated that he was using the slogan for the purpose stated on the awarding.[29] [28] [thirty] Trump used the slogan in public every bit early as Baronial 2013, in an interview with Jonathan Karl.[31]

Banner displaying "Vote To Make America Great Over again" on a roadside in California shortly subsequently the November 2016 election

Trump wearing a "Keep America Great" hat in December 2019

During the 2016 entrada, Trump frequently used the slogan, especially by wearing hats emblazoned with the phrase in white messages, which soon became popular among his supporters.[32] The slogan was so of import to the campaign that at one bespeak it spent more on making the hats – sold for $25 each on its website – than on polling, consultants, or television commercials. Millions were sold, and Trump estimated that apocryphal versions outnumbered the real lid ten to one. "...only it was a slogan, and every time somebody buys 1, that's an advertizement."[28]

Following Trump'southward election, the website of his presidential transition was established at greatagain.gov.[33] Trump said in 2017 and 2018 that the slogan of his 2020 reelection campaign would be "Proceed America Neat" and he sought to trademark it.[28] [34] However, Trump's 2020 entrada connected to utilise the "Make America Bang-up Once again" slogan.[35] Trump'south vice president, Mike Pence, used the phrase "make America great again, again" in his 2020 Republican National Convention spoken communication, garnering ridicule.[36] In late 2021, this phrase became the name of a pro-Trump Super-PAC, which was also mocked.[37]

Less than a calendar week afterward Trump left function, he spoke to advisors about perhaps establishing a third party, which he suggested might be named either the "Patriot Political party" or "Make America Great Again Party". In his showtime few days out of office, he besides supported Arizona state party chairwoman Kelli Ward, who as well chosen for the creation of a "MAGA Party". In late January 2021, the sometime president viewed the proposed MAGA Party as leverage to prevent Republican senators from voting to convict him during the Senate impeachment trial, and to field challengers to Republicans who voted for his impeachment in the House.[38] [39]

[edit]

Donald Trump took the campaign slogan to social media (primarily to Twitter), using the hashtags #makeamericagreatagain and its acronym #maga. In response to criticism regarding his frequent and untraditional usage of social media, Trump defended himself past tweeting "My employ of social media is not Presidential – it'southward MODERN DAY PRESIDENTIAL. Make America Great Again!" on July 1, 2017.[forty]

In the outset half of 2017, Trump repeated his slogan on Twitter 33 times.[41] In an commodity for Bloomberg News, Mark Whitehouse noted "A regression assay suggests the phrase adds (very roughly) 51,000 to a post'southward retweet-and-favorite count, which is important given that the average Trump tweet attracts a full of 107,000."[41]

Trump attributed his victory (in function) to social media when he said "I won the 2016 election with interviews, speeches, and social media."[42] Co-ordinate to RiteTag,[43] the estimated hourly statistics for #maga on Twitter alone include: 1,304 unique tweets, v,820,000 hashtag exposure, and 3,424 retweets with 14% of #maga tweets including images, 55% including links, and 51% including mentions.[43]

Donald Trump fix his Twitter account in March 2009. His follower-count increased significantly following the announcement (June 16, 2015) of his intention to run for president in the 2016 presidential election, with particularly notable spikes occurring after his securing the Republican Party nomination (May three, 2016) and later winning the presidency.[44]

Accusations of racism [edit]

Regarding its apply since 2015, it is considered a loaded phrase. Marissa Melton, a Vox of America journalist, among others,[5] [vi] explained how it is a loaded phrase because it "doesn't just appeal to people who hear information technology as racist coded language, only also to those who have felt a loss of condition equally other groups take become more empowered."[iv] Equally Sarah Churchwell explains, the slogan at present resonates as America First did in the early 1940s, with the idea "that the true version of America is the America that looks like me, the American fantasy I imagine existed before it was diluted with other races and other people."[45]

Writing stance for the Los Angeles Times, Robin Abcarian wrote that "[w]earing a 'Make America Corking Again' hat is not necessarily an overt expression of racism. But if you lot wear i, it's a pretty skilful indication that you share, adore or appreciate President Trump'southward racist views about Mexicans, Muslims and border walls."[half-dozen] The Detroit Free Printing and the Los Angeles Times reported how several of their readers rejected this label and did non believe the slogan or MAGA hats are evidence of racism, seeing them more in patriotic or American nationalist terms.[46] [47] Nicholas Goldberg described the slogan as "fabulous", writing: "Information technology was vague enough to appeal to optimists by and large, while leaving enough of room for biting and resentful voters to conclude that nosotros were finally going back to the days when they ran the world."[48] Polling has shown that about ten percent of black voters identified every bit Trump supporters,[49] [ non-master source needed ] while about thirty percent of Hispanic voters identified as Trump supporters.[50] [ improve source needed ]

Use by others [edit]

In politics [edit]

Political commentator and author Peter Beinart published a 2006 book titled The Good Fight: Why Liberals – and Only Liberals – Can Win the State of war on Terror and Make America Groovy Over again [51] drawing on the philosophy of theologian Reinhold Niebuhr after the Invasion of Iraq and early years of the War on Terror. In 2011, Christine O'Donnell published a book virtually her Republican Senate campaign in the 2010 Delaware special election titled Troublemaker: Let'south Do What It Takes To Make America Great Again.[52]

Afterward Donald Trump popularized the use of the phrase, the phrase and modifications of information technology were widely used in reference both to his election campaign and to his politics. Trump'southward primary opponents, Ted Cruz and Scott Walker, began using "Make America Peachy Again" in speeches, inciting Trump to send cease-and-desist letters to them.[28] Cruz later sold hats featuring, "Make Trump Argue Once again", in response to Trump's boycotting the Iowa January 28, 2016 debate.[53] The phrase has besides been parodied in political statements, such as "Make America Mexico Again", a critique of Trump's immigration policies regarding the U.S.–Mexico border.[54] [55]

Utilize past political rivals [edit]

New York Governor Andrew Cuomo said America "was never that smashing" during a September 2018 nib signing.[56] [57] One-time US Chaser General Eric Holder questioned the slogan in a March 2019 interview on MSNBC, asking: "Exactly when did you lot think America was corking?"[58] [59] During John McCain'south memorial service on September one, 2018, his daughter Meghan stated: "The America of John McCain has no demand to be made great once more because America was ever great."[60] Trump subsequently tweeted "Brand AMERICA GREAT Again!" later that day.[61]

Apply by detest groups [edit]

A 2018 written report using text mining and semantic network analytics of Twitter text and hashtags networks found that the "#MakeAmericaGreatAgain" and "#MAGA" hashtags were commonly used by white supremacist and white nationalist users, and had been used every bit "an organizing discursive space" for far-right extremists globally.[62]

Other countries [edit]

In June 2017, Emmanuel Macron, President of France, rebuked Trump over withdrawing from the Paris Agreement. The last sentence of the speech delivered by him was "brand our planet slap-up over again."[63]

During his campaign for the 2019 Indonesian presidential ballot in October 2018, erstwhile opposition leader Prabowo Subianto used the phrase "brand Indonesia great again", though he denied having copied Trump.[64]

During the Swedish European Parliament ballot in May 2019, the Swedish Christian Democratic Party used the slogan "Make EU Lagom Once more".[65] [66]

February 2019 Fridays for Futurity protestation in Berlin with the line "Make Globe Greta Again"

Members of the Fridays for Future Move have oft used slogans like "Make World Greta Again", referring to activist Greta Thunberg.[67] In 2019, Grant Armour and Milene Larsson co-directed a documentary film named Brand the Globe Greta Again.[68]

In popular culture [edit]

Rap-rock supergroup Prophets of Rage displaying a "Make America Rage Again" phase properties reminiscent of the "Brand America Great Once more" catchphrase equally it appears on a MAGA chapeau

The phrase and its variants are widely used and parodied in media.

Adult entertainment [edit]

  • Developed film star Stormy Daniels, who allegedly had an matter with President Trump, took office in a "Brand America Horny Again" strip club tour. The tour followed Trump's initial 2016 entrada trail and part of the acquirement was donated to Planned Parenthood.[69]

Advertising [edit]

  • A Douse-a-roos marketing campaign used the slogan "Make America Dunk Once more".[70]

Artwork [edit]

  • Make Everything Great Over again was a street art mural past artist Mindaugas Bonanu in Vilnius, Lithuania.[71] [72]

Comedy [edit]

  • Comedian David Cross's 2016 stand up-up bout was titled "Making America Great Again".[73]

Conventions and events [edit]

  • In 2016, two Dragon Con cosplayers challenge an clan with Adult Swim and Cartoon Network, and dressed as the World Trade Center during the September 11 attacks, wore "Make FishCenter Great Again" hats.[74] [75] [76]

Fashion [edit]

  • Fashion Designer Andre Soriano used the "Brand America Slap-up Again" Official presidential entrada Flag to design a MAGA Gown for celebrities in Hollywood to wear on Ruddy Carpeting e.g. 2017 Grammy Awards.[77]

Films [edit]

  • In Hot Fuzz (2007), Inspector Frank Butterman says "Make Sandford Not bad Again" to Sergeant Nicholas Angel.[78]
  • In Holmes & Watson (2018), Sherlock Holmes wears a "Make England Great Over again" fez hat in one scene.[79]
  • The Syfy motion picture Sharknado 5: Global Swarming (2017) was released with the tagline "Brand America Bait Again".[eighty]
  • The tagline for The Purge: Election Year (2016) is "Keep America Great" (a phrase Trump would later use as his 2020 entrada slogan); one of the TV spots for the film featured Americans who explained why they support the Purge, with i stating he does and so "to continue my land [America] neat".[81] The next movie in the franchise, The Showtime Purge, was subsequently advertised with a poster featuring its title stylized on a MAGA hat.[82]
  • The character Paul in Da 5 Bloods is an gorging Trump supporter and sports a MAGA hat throughout the film.[83]

Games [edit]

  • In Assassinator's Creed Odyssey (2018), Cleon says "Make Athens Keen Again" during his entrada against Pericles.
  • In the video game Mortal Kombat 11 (2019), Shao Kahn urges Mortal Kombateleven newcomer Kollector to "make Outworld great once more".
  • The video game Wolfenstein: The New Colossus (2017) used "Make America Nazi-Free Again" in its marketing campaign.[84]
  • In Metallic Gear Rising: Revengeance (2013), Senator Steven Armstrong uses the phrase "Make America Great Again" during his spoken language while battling Raiden.[85]

Music [edit]

  • Fall Out Boy released a remix of their album American Beauty/American Psycho titled Make America Psycho Again.[86]
  • Rapper Kevin Gates released a song in 2018 called K.A.T.A, meaning Make America Trap Again.[87]
  • Make America Rock Over again was a rock concert tour.[88]
  • Rap rock supergroup Prophets of Rage, consisting of members of Rage Confronting the Machine, Public Enemy and Cypress Hill, called their 2017 nationwide tour the "Make America Rage Once again Bout", using a phase backdrop reminiscent of a MAGA hat.
  • Uk musician and writer James Kennedy released a rock protest album in 2020 called 'Make ANGER Great Again'[89]
  • Snoop Dogg released a vocal titled "Make America Crip Once more".[ninety]
  • Frank Turner released a song called "Make America Nifty Again" on his anthology Be More Kind (2018).
  • Singer Joy Villa produced a single "Make America Bully Again" a few months later on actualization at the 2017 Grammy Awards in a 'MAGA' clothes.[91]
  • Rapper Lil Wayne wore a chapeau saying Make America Skate again in Chance the Rapper'due south video No Problem
  • Hip Hop Producer Zaytoven released an album titled Make America Trap Over again (2019), with comprehend art inspired by the Barack Obama "Hope" poster.[92]
  • Russian activists and artists Pussy Riot released a song titled Brand America Great Again.[93]
  • Metallic ring Thy Art Is Murder released a song called "Brand America Hate Again" on their album Man Target (2019). They likewise sell a hat with the slogan "Brand Deathcore Slap-up Once more".

Sports [edit]

  • And then-Washington Nationals baseball game outfielder Bryce Harper wore a hat saying "Brand Baseball Fun Again" during a postgame interview in 2016.

Books and Publications [edit]

  • Author Octavia Due east. Butler used "Brand America Groovy Over again" as the presidential entrada slogan for a character, Andrew Steele Jarret, in her 1998 dystopian novel, Parable of the Talents.[94] Jarret is described as "a demagogue, a rabble-rouser, and a hypocrite [who] pulled faith and government together and cemented the link with money from rich businessmen".[95]
  • Author Andre Louis wrote and published "Make America Date Again",[96] a satirical volume on dating and relationships.

Tv set [edit]

  • John Oliver spoofed the slogan on his show Concluding Calendar week This night with John Oliver in a segment dedicated to Trump, urging viewers to "Brand Donald Drumpf Once more", in reference to the original ancestral proper noun of the Trump family.[97] [98] The segment bankrupt HBO viewership records, garnering 85 one thousand thousand views.[98]
  • In the South Park episode "Where My State Gone?" (2015), supporters of Mr. Garrison, who runs a campaign that is a parody of Trump's, are seen property signs bearing the slogan.[99]
  • In the Star Trek: Discovery episode "What's Past Is Prologue" (2018), Gabriel Lorca vows to "make the Empire glorious once more", a line that was compared to Trump by many reviewers.[100] [101] [102] [103]

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ Pronunciation used by Trump.[1]

References [edit]

  1. ^ The Telegraph (May 30, 2020). Donald Trump: 'MAGA loves the black people' responding to race protests (YouTube video). Event occurs at 0:00.
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  7. ^ Rebecca Solnit (2018). Call Them past Their Truthful Names: American Crises (and Essays). Haymarket Books. Trump's slogan, 'Make America corking again', seemed to invoke a return to a Never Never Land of white male supremacy, where coal was an crawly fuel, blue-color manufacturing jobs were what they had been in 1956, women belong in the home, and the needs of white men were paramount.
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External links [edit]

  • Reagan at the 1980 GOP convention

johnsonhavery.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Make_America_Great_Again

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